The Importance of Physical Fitness Essay -- Exploratory Essays Researc

The Importance of Physical Fitness Are you sick of gasping for air just after a quick trip up the stairs or feeling overly fatigued after a ten minute game of catch with your son? Maybe it is time you get busy and get in shape. What does it really mean to be physically fit? This is a question many of us ask ourselves when we set out to look better and feel better about ourselves. I personally don't know one person in this world that longs to be fat and out of shape. When you finally get off the couch, put the snacks back in the cupboard and decide it is time for you to get in shape, you usually head toward the gym first. Eating right and exercising are the two things that usually come to mind first in order to "get fit." There are however more than just a couple of things one must do to get in shape. Physical fitness is to the human body what fine-tuning is to an engine. It enables us to perform at our highest levels. Fitness can be described as a condition that helps us look, feel and do our best. More specifically, it is: "The ability to perform daily tasks vigorously and alertly, with energy left over for enjoying leisure-time activities and meeting emergency demands, and is a major basis for good health and well-being." ("Fitness...") Physical fitness involves the performance of the heart and lungs, and muscles of the body. And, since what we do with our bodies also affects what we can do with our minds, fitness somewhat influences qualities, such as mental alertness and emotional stability. ("Fitness...") As you undertake your fitness program, it's important to remember that fitness is an individual quality that varies from person to person. It is influenced by age, sex, heredity, personal habits, exercise and ... ...sition has never been a great measurement of sports performance. Lean muscle mass seems to be related to the performance in sports where the ability to generate maximal force is required. Good body compostion is essential for health. In order to achieve good body composition one must eat right and exercise to the best of their ability. (Quinn) Hopefully after learning a little bit more about physical fitness and what it takes to accomplish it, you can go play with you son or daughter and maybe have a little fun while doing it. Without all that wheezing to make it up the stairs you can get more done during your day and still have energy left over for yourself. I hope this information can help you get a jump start on your new exercise program. Don't forget to use all five of the components. These will help you with every aspect of your program to become more fit. The Importance of Physical Fitness Essay -- Exploratory Essays Researc The Importance of Physical Fitness Are you sick of gasping for air just after a quick trip up the stairs or feeling overly fatigued after a ten minute game of catch with your son? Maybe it is time you get busy and get in shape. What does it really mean to be physically fit? This is a question many of us ask ourselves when we set out to look better and feel better about ourselves. I personally don't know one person in this world that longs to be fat and out of shape. When you finally get off the couch, put the snacks back in the cupboard and decide it is time for you to get in shape, you usually head toward the gym first. Eating right and exercising are the two things that usually come to mind first in order to "get fit." There are however more than just a couple of things one must do to get in shape. Physical fitness is to the human body what fine-tuning is to an engine. It enables us to perform at our highest levels. Fitness can be described as a condition that helps us look, feel and do our best. More specifically, it is: "The ability to perform daily tasks vigorously and alertly, with energy left over for enjoying leisure-time activities and meeting emergency demands, and is a major basis for good health and well-being." ("Fitness...") Physical fitness involves the performance of the heart and lungs, and muscles of the body. And, since what we do with our bodies also affects what we can do with our minds, fitness somewhat influences qualities, such as mental alertness and emotional stability. ("Fitness...") As you undertake your fitness program, it's important to remember that fitness is an individual quality that varies from person to person. It is influenced by age, sex, heredity, personal habits, exercise and ... ...sition has never been a great measurement of sports performance. Lean muscle mass seems to be related to the performance in sports where the ability to generate maximal force is required. Good body compostion is essential for health. In order to achieve good body composition one must eat right and exercise to the best of their ability. (Quinn) Hopefully after learning a little bit more about physical fitness and what it takes to accomplish it, you can go play with you son or daughter and maybe have a little fun while doing it. Without all that wheezing to make it up the stairs you can get more done during your day and still have energy left over for yourself. I hope this information can help you get a jump start on your new exercise program. Don't forget to use all five of the components. These will help you with every aspect of your program to become more fit.

Business Applications quiz

The Dutton turns open windows transparent to reveal the desktop, letting you B) Show desktop C) peek D) Display desktop 5. To turn off the computer, you would open the Start menu, then click the on the right bottom of the menu. A) hibernate B) Turn off C) stop D) Shut down 6. Button A bar that appears on the right side of the menu when all items are not visible on the menu list is the B) Jump bar C) roll bar D) scroll bar 7. . A) scan bar When you have multiple windows open, you can minimize all but the active window by . A) dragging the title bar to the top of the windowB) using Rare Flip D C) using Shake D) closing all windows except the active window 8. A Windows 7 feature that allows you to capture screen shots of any object on your screen is the . A) Snipping Tool B) Screen Shot Tool C) Print Screen Tool D) Capture Tool 9. The time before the screen saver starts is called the B) watt C) Delay D) Pause 10. Time. A) Start Virtual folders that display the contents of multiple folde rs as though the files were stored together in one location are B) Libraries C) Archives D) Collections 11. . A) AlbumsAnother name for a hard drive is USB Flash drive. B) False False 12. Two or more windows can be active at the same time. A) True 13. Shortcuts can ONLY be added to the desktop. 14. You should extract files before sending them as e-mail attachments. A) True 15. You can double-click the of a window to maximize it or to restore it. Title bar 16. When a program is pinned to the 0. 0/8. 0 task 17. Only one click is required to open it. In the Windows Explorer window, Local Disk (C:) refers to the computer. 8. 0/8. 0 hard drive on your

Importance of Iliad as Modern Teaching Tool Essay

Importance of Iliad as a Modern Teaching Tool The passing of works from generation to generation is not an uncommon thing, nor is it a new practice. For centuries, even since the beginning of time, scholars have recorded and passed on historical accounts, works of art, poetry, and great literary works as a means of transcending the culture from one generation to the next. In doing so, these works were not merely used for leisurely purposes, rather as a way to teach and educate different lessons, morals, and values. Many notable works have come and gone throughout the ages, each with their own set of teachings or lessons to be gained. I believe it to be true that Homers Iliad is a wonderful work of†¦show more content†¦When looking at this scene from a modern stand point, one might see their pre-battle talk as trash talk, and their conflict as fist fight of sorts. However, The I Iliad shows up that situations like this are best if avoided. Many men would not have the courage to walk away from a fight for fear of being called a coward or wuss. What these men do not realize is that there is honor to be found in doing what is right, not necessarily popular. Glaucus and Diomedes placed the honor or their ancestors above their own need and desire to engage in battle. Their counterparts might have though it foolish, perhaps even cowardly, to lay down their arms, but this did not phase these two men of honor. The concept of respecting ones elders is also presented in this scene. Often today, young people are accused of being disrespectful of their elders, or parents. The Iliad gives us reason to believe that such acts are not the works os honorable men. Just as Glaucus and Diomedes did what they did for the sake of their elders, young people today should follow their lead and take steps to ensure their actions are respectful and well representative of their ancestors. This whole idea can be summed up by Glaucus statement of what his father once told him: Always be the best my boy, the bravest, and hold your head up highShow MoreRelatedNietzsches critique of Plato and Christianity2437 Words   |  10 Pagesis the extremist thinkable form of corruption,† expounded the vociferously atheist Friedrich Nietzsche (The Anti-Christ 1888, p.62). Nietzsche conspired against Christianity, its ideals and teachings and saw nothing but a religion of nihilism, pity and values which were not only irrelevant but harmful to modern man. In the Birth of Tragedy (1872, p. 23) Nietzsche writes, â€Å"Christianity was from the beginning, essentially and fundamentally, life’s nausea and disgust with life, merely concealed behindRead MoreThe Impact of Greek Mythology on Western Culture5592 Words   |  23 Pagesmythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece. Modern scholars refer t o, and study, the myths, in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece, its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. And Greek mythology is embodiedRead MoreA Brief History of Medicine2471 Words   |  10 Pagesis the science or practice of the diagnosis; treatment and prevention of disease. Ancient Greek civilization sprung up around the 8th century BC. The first evidence of Greek medicine becoming a factor in Greek life came from Homers the Odyssey and Iliad. In these stories we hear about Machaon and Podalirius the brilliant doctors and excellent men who assisted the injured men in the siege of Troy. Out of every three children born, only two would ever reach the age of two years. The life-expectancyRead MoreA Nice Guide On Teaching You True English4115 Words   |  17 PagesA nice guide on teaching you true English. A must for everyone! Table of Contents i - Revision history 1.0 - Introduction 2.0 - Spelling 3.0 - Abbreviating Words __________________________________________________ ________________________i - Revision history » 02/05/2010 - Lewis (Me) wrote the guide. __________________________________________________ ________________________ 1.0 - Introduction  » The main reason for writing this guide is to help other members on there english on/outRead MoreTraditional and Contemporary Issues and Challenges14128 Words   |  57 Pagesbacklash against soft drinks, with water and sports drinks replacing cola as the trendiest beverages. Unfortunately for Coke, LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Justify the importance of history and theory to management and discuss precursors to modern management theory. 2. Summarize and evaluate the classical perspective on management, including scientific and administrative management, and note its relevance to contemporary managers. 3. Summarize and evaluateRead MoreHistory of Theatre Lesson Notes Essay5401 Words   |  22 Pagestheories of origins of Greek tragedy: Early Aegean civilizations had little to do directly with the development of theatre, but their indirect influence was enormous, for their gods, heroes, and history supplied the material for Homer’s (8th century BCE) Iliad and Odyssey and therefore for most Greek drama. Greek civilization that was to produce 1st great era of theatre-8-6th centuries. The Parian Marble, in the Ashmolean museum at Oxford, credits Thespis with the invention of tragedy, the first form of

My Day At Your Child - 878 Words

Imagine this scenario, its morning and you began your morning routine with your child. After breakfast you kiss them, tell them to have a good day and send them off for school. You continue you’re normal weekday routine. Your day is going normal until you get an important phone call that will change your whole day around drastically. The person on the other end of the phone is now informing you that your child has been shot out front of his school. Your heart immediately drops into your stomach. Now as parents or guardian we should have a since of security over our children once we send them to school. However, many stories like this have doomed some parent and families. This is the image I had once I began to reflect on this question and how I really felt. Some say they too young, they need time to reflect on what they did or that was my relative. As a parent none of these excuses would matter as I am in the hospital praying my child is going to make it. The real questions s hould be will the victim have a fighting chance to live? They were also someone’s relative and they may have been young, so why should we protect a teen who decides to make a adult decision and let them escape the repercussions of their actions. Our textbook side notes about the teen boy â€Å"Malvo who was 17 years of age, when he went on a sniper spree in 2002 with another man named John Muhammad.† (Santrock 2013) Unfortunately, stories like theses are captured in national headlines all too often. As IShow MoreRelatedThe Parenting Styles That Has Changed Your Life With New Challenges962 Words   |  4 PagesCongratulations on your new little bundle of joy and entering into your next chapter in life. Motherhood will changed every aspect of your life with new challenges and rewards every day. You may feel over whelmed right now with the lack of sleep and new responsibilities, but remember to cherish every moment with your child because the time flies. When asking my mother about the greatest moments of raising a child, her first responses included simple memories. For example, when I smiled at her one day revealingRead MoreInformative Speech1451 Words   |  6 PagesInformative Speech Title: Child Care General Purpose: To inform Specific purpose: I want my audience to be informed of child care facilities Central purpose: I want my audience to be aware that they can save money I. Introduction Six months ago, corporate daycare facilities were cleaning out my bank account. I was losing the ability to pay for gas, rent and my utilities because all my money was going towards my son’s weekly daycare tuition. My parents could help me scrap on by here and thereRead MorePersuasive Essay On Childcare989 Words   |  4 PagesChildcare Childcare is the starting point in your children s lives. The choices you make on childcare can affect them greatly. 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A divorce with high levels of conflict may lead to a stress relief effect meaning the child will experience less stress when freed from the dysfunctional family environment in turn allowing for a better father-child relationship. Many children welcome the shift to a calmer single parent family which could lead to a better parent child relationship in the long run. ThenRead MoreAnalysis Of At Least One Parent At Home1048 Words   |  5 Pagesgood option to bring up your child in behavior and education. Well as a mother and aunt, I have been seen over the last eight years how those children whose are sent to daycares is their behavior and education. Do not means that I judge those parents to send their children to a daycare, but if they truly realized the damage they are doing to their child maybe would change that opinion. First, just think for a moment you may have to pay a costly fee to send your child to a day care and pay the costlyRead MoreBeing A Good Mother At My Fur Babies Essay1388 Words   |  6 PagesMother to my Fur Babies I work in an environment surrounded by mothers; new moms, moms-to-be, the â€Å"I have 5 kids† mom. Every day, the mothers talk about what their child did that was so cute, or horrible, and so on. As I look around the room, I see the mothers laughing while sharing relatable stories about their children, I also see an uninterested 21-year-old glued to her iPhone- probably on Instagram seeing what her friends are posting. When I focus my attention back to the moms, my face lightsRead MoreLanguage Is The Best Choice For My Family Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesWith each passing day of our lives we are faced with the realization that this world is ever shrinking. We encounter new neighbors from other countries, colleagues who speak more than one language, and friends of our children come from various walks of life and far away countries. It is evident that our own children need to be prepared for this global society in which they will travel as young adults sooner than we care to imagine. As a parent of three children and an educator of thousands I liveRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading For Children At An Early Age1407 Words   |  6 PagesReading was never important to me until high school came around, that is when I realized school work would have been easier if I had read more often as a child. My mother never pushed me to read, though I wish she would have. Even though I preferred watching T.V., reading would have been more beneficial for me in the long run. Statistic’s showing literacy rates among fourth graders taken from the National Assessment of Education Progress says, â€Å"The literacy rates among fourth grade students in America

Crime Rates, Trends, And Variations - 931 Words

Introduction Every day we tend to hear that the crime rate is up, or that it seem like crime is taking over America, but is that really true? What do we really know about the crime rate? And what do we understand about violent crime rates, trends, and variations? We will discuss these issues to gain a better understanding about the UCR system. FBI UCR for Georgia When I checked my state, which is GA and compared what I have been told by some of my associates from the Augusta, Georgia Richmond Country Sheriff department it was what I expected, which was that crime rates were going down. So, there were no surprise there at all. It showed me that between, 2012 - 2013 that we had some decrease in violent crimes, for instance, in 2012 based on the population of â€Å"9,915,646 we had a total 37,675 violent crimes, and in 2013 based on the population of 9,992,167 there were only a total of 35,943 violent crimes† (â€Å"Crime in the†, 2013). So there was a â€Å"-4.6 percent change in violent crimes within those two years, and within the violent crime rate per 100,000: was 380.0 for 2012, and in 2013 was 357.9 that there was an overall percent change of -5.3† (â€Å"Crime in the†, 2013). Why has it dropped? Well most LEOs believe that it has dropped because of proactive arrests, faster responses to 911 calls, higher number of LEOs on the streets, community policing, and more random patrols. Thereby all of these reasons could help crime rates go down, but one can never tell with criminals. But, forShow MoreRelatedThe Crime Of Uniform Crime1427 Words   |  6 Pages Uniform Crime Report for 2014 states that there are four offenses in the Violent Crime category, they include Murder, Forcible Rape, Robbery and Aggravated Assault. They only collect their data from Law Enforcement Agencies from their arrest reports. According to The Uniform Crime Report, Property Crime includes these four offenses, Burglary, Larceny/ Theft, Motor Vehicle Theft and Arson. The Uniform Crime Report reported that there were 402,470 violent crime arrests in 2014 compared to 1,275,315Read MoreA Look at Crime from a Sociological Perspective1020 Words   |  4 PagesCrime A Look into Crime from a Sociological Perspective Introduction Crime is considered to be some breech or violation of behaviors which stand in opposition of rules or norms instituted by some governing body. Some actions are considered to be crimes throughout most societies in history; murder or physical abuse can serve as an example as an example. However, the majorities of things that are considered crimes are more of a subjective nature and vary widely in different societies. In many societiesRead MoreMeasuring The Validity Of The Figures For Doncaster Town Centre871 Words   |  4 Pagescommon problem. Results showed a 16% decrease in crime rates in Doncaster town centre. However there was evidence of geographical displacement to the surrounding towns that showed a 31% increase in crime rates. This therefore affects the validity of the figures for Doncaster because taking both figures into account the overall reduction in crime is only 6% (Skinns, 1998). It is difficult to measure displacement because the surrounding areas where crime has su pposedly been displaced to may show theseRead MoreLaw Enforcement Assignment1634 Words   |  7 Pagesworkload-based techniques, and authorized level methods. Accordingly, Wilson and Weiss (2014) conducted a literature review for secondary information and interviews for primary data geared towards establishing and assessing the extant experiences and trends in staffing allocation. The interviews were undertaken among practitioners drawn from 20 varied agencies in America and a national focus group, which included 21 staffing professionals (Wilson Weiss, 2014). The article also examined the weaknessesRead MoreCrime And The Criminal Justice System1561 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: Over the past 30 years, crime has become a major issue of public concern, of political discussion and action, often intemperate and not likely to reduce crime, and of major public expenditure. Despite its salience in public arena, very little is known about the factors driving the crime trend, and the knowledge base is too limited to support intelligent forecasts of the direction in which crime rates are moving, especially when changing direction. Developing suchRead MorePast and Current Trends1207 Words   |  5 PagesPast and Current Trends Drugs and alcohol have played a role in American society for many years. There is, however, a wider variety of drugs available today than ever before and with this wider variety there comes a wider range of addictive qualities and health related risks that individuals who take these drugs are subjected. Habit forming drugs were introduced into American society as far back as the 1700s. These drugs were widely used for medicinal purposes without any knowledge of their addictiveRead MoreAge And Crime Relationship Chart1126 Words   |  5 PagesResearch proposal Age and crime relationship In an age and crime relationship chart, we can see that some population involved in crimes tends to climax in age of adolescence or early stage of adulthood. Then, it declines at the same rate with age. I am really wonder is age plays a crucial role for people who committed crime? I want to focus on when a person in a certain age, what will be some reason for the person to commit crimes. 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Therefore, when dealing with youth crime in Melbourne, only a limited amount of crime is explainable as classical criminology lacks the ability to take extenuating circumstances into consideration. The main focus of classical criminology is centred around the cost-benefit analysis principle. Classical criminology

An Abundance of Katherines Free Essays

The search for you Innerself In the novel An Abundance of Katherines by John Green we find how the need for social acceptance may often alter ones true Identity. Everyone may have different personalities in different situations. Most people can actually forget there true self because of all their other personalities, It really all depends on the social group they’d like to belong to. We will write a custom essay sample on An Abundance of Katherines or any similar topic only for you Order Now I myself can connect to Lindsey in real life, Just like her I have a few sides to myself and they all come out at different times in my life, epending on where I’m trying to fit in. People change thereselves for the people they’d like to connect with. Lindsey has a special side to her she uses when shes around her boyfriend T. O. C. , another one she uses around the elderly, and the side she begins to remember when she’s around Colin. The personality she uses when shes with T. O. C. is her made-up side that she decided to make to make him like her and also fit in with him. It was important for her to have a boyfriend at the time so she had to hide her true self and fake emotions because her and T. O. C. idn’t have too much and common. She hated his manners and jokes but she liked that he didn’t change himself for a single person and presumed to act the same In front of anyone he’d came across, that was something she wasn’t capable of. The side Lindsey uses when she’s around te elderly was the polite, innocent one. She always shows a great amount of respect for them and no matter how boring they may be she would le t them tell her stories for hours and hours at a time. without interrupting them once. or getting annoyed. They all love her. they loved her whole family, and they wanted her to always stay young so she could visit them forever, and they can’t believe how fast she’s grown since theyh. ‘e known her. You can tell they made her realize that she wasn’t being her true self when they made her cry after all the compliments they gave her. she faded away trom them though because she spent a lot ot time with her boyfriend and her friends but visiting them was still a passion of hers. The last personality we see Lindsey use in the book is the one Collin reminds her of. Out of everyone she knows he is the first one that made her feel her true self. She didn’t have to act, or pretend to be anything she wasn’t. Somehow her and Collin just understood eachother, and didn’t have to be nervous, she didn’t feel the need to try and Impress him either. Collin Just began to like her for who she really was Inside. â€Å"The people who have been In your secret places† said Collin. â€Å"The people who you bite youre thumb in front of† said Lindsey. (pg. 208). He helped her realize her true colors by accepting who she really was. There are three different sides to myself as well. e one I use most is the quiet me. When I’m in school I tend to keep to myself and stay quiet. I basically do it to give me an edge with teachers so that way if I’m ever borderline the teacher will like ‘ Of2 me ana give me a second cnance, or pass me, at least tnat’s wnat I nope Tor, altnougn I never wish to be in that sitution. I also use this side of me when I do things like go to church. I’m silent there because that’s the respectful thing to do as I’ve been taught by god and my parents. Another personality I use is my true personility, my social side. I’m an energetic, loud, fun, outgoing teenager and I plan on always being like that at acceptable times, like parties and hanging out with my buddies. There the ones that understand me the best and I can always have fun with them, and I know in the end my buddies are always here for me as I am for them. It’s the best feeling in the world having friends who I can Just be myself around and not have to worry about being misjudged and what not. The last side of me is basically both put together. This personality comes to use when I’m with family and family friends. I m very close to them but there are certain boundaries I have with them that I don’t have with friends. Family may be friends but I still have to keep in mind that there the parents and they can give me boundaries and responsibilities. There Just two different relationships. I know deep down that I have found my true identity and I have a great balance in life. Finding who you are is honestly not hard it Just happens. The best thing to do is just surround yourself by people who make you feel yourself and accept you. Understand that people have different ways of expressing themselves as well. How to cite An Abundance of Katherines, Papers

Asthma Physiology - Immunopharmacology - and Treatment

Question: Discuss about the Asthma Physiology, Immunopharmacology, and Treatment. Answer: Introduction Asthma involves the inflammation of the airways causing obstruction and bronchial hyper responsiveness. It is characterized by coughing and wheezing and is an airway chronic inflammatory disorder. In the given case study, Jessica Ainija White, a five year old girl was diagnosed with asthma. She was born prematurely at 33 weeks of gestation as her mother went into premature labor. Her past medical history showed that she was diagnosed with seasonal asthma and eczema. Her home life is unsettled as her brother and father are exposed to alcohol, drug abuse and subjected to violence at home. Recently, she moved to her new home in the northern suburbs of Adelaide to love with her grandmother, Greta who returned from rehabilitation after a recent cerebrovascular (CVA). She had an acute hospital admission exacerbated of her asthma. She was excited about her new school; however, she experienced some learning disabilities. The following study deals with the pathophysiology, related signs and s ymptoms and pharmacology of Jessicas asthma. Pathophysiology of asthma The inflammation of the airways plays the major role in the pathophysiology of asthma. The recurrent coughs, shortness of breath and wheezing are manifested by inflammation of the various types of cell and multiple mediators (Melen and Pershagen 2012, pp.108-120).The profile of the cells and cellular response is quite consistent in asthma. The pathophysiology of asthma in Jessica might be linked to her premature birth. She was a premature baby as she was born at the thirty three weeks when her mother went into premature labor. According to Bisgaard, Jensen and Bnnelykke (2012) asthma is strongly associated with the premature babies who are born before the thirty three weeks of gestation period as compared to the babies born full term. Jessicas premature birth leads to her breathing problems as her lungs were not properly developed. According to Vatti and Teuber (2012) in premature babies, the lungs are immature and results in breathing problems in them. There is gradual narrowing of the breathing tubes as the surrounding muscles of the airways get tightened. This results in rapid breathing with whistling or wheezing sound as the air is forced through the narrow airways. This is the reason Jessica experienced wheezing and shortness of breath. Children under the age of five manifest the asthma like symptoms. Jessica manifested asthma like symptoms before the age of three. The children have smaller airways and when swelling occurs due to viral infections blocks or tightens the air flow due to increased mucus (Stocks, Hislop and Sonnappa 2013, pp.728-742). This results in breathing problems in the small children. The asthma primarily narrows down the breathing airways as inflammation occurs in the lungs airways. Jessicas airways are swollen and she is having difficulty in breathing. She was not able to get proper sleep as she experienced shortness and noisy breathing. Allergens irritate the airways and constrict the airways. Moreover, there is excess mucus production that also triggers the asthmatic symptoms. The expansion of the wall linings leads to contraction of the bronchioles as well as the pathway. Her past medical history showed that she had viral infection and eczema after the common cold during winters. Jessica suffered from eczema which is a mild allergic skin infection that triggered during the winter season after she had common cold. The irritants expose the airways to allergic response and triggers responses like swelling, spasm and excess mucus production (Agache et al. 2012, pp.835-846). This response results in high pitched wheezing sound during exhalation. In the same way, eczema might have caused Jessicas airways to swell and difficulty in breathing. These were the early signs of asthma in Jessica leading to inflammation and breathing problems. Signs and symptoms of asthma The asthma is characterized by coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and tightness in the chest (Austen and Lichtenstein 2013, pp.1-13). While breathing, Jessica made a noisy sound and experienced shortness of breath while sleeping and that resulted in interrupted sleep. The main symptoms of asthma that Jessica manifested as a result of her illness are persistent coughing, wheezing or whistling sound while breathing and shortness of breath. She had a past medical history of viral infections, common cold and eczema might have contributed to the pathophysiology of asthma in Jessica. She also experienced troubled or fast breathing when breathing out. The tightness in the chest is caused due to tight pulling of the skin surrounding the ribs or neck (van der Wiel et al. 2013, pp.646-657). During the winters, she suffered from common cold that had settled her chest. Gradually, the symptoms recurred giving a clear indication of asthma like symptoms in Jessica. The whistling and high-pitched sound during exhalation that worsened during night is a clear indication of asthma in Jessica (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2013). The mild skin disorder like eczema worsened the conditions of asthma in Jessica. At times, the pet animals are also a source of allergy as the children play with them. Jessicas family background reported that the family had pets. There are two long-haired dogs and one short-haired cat in the family. Jessica also helped her grandmother with the pets. The pet animals are also a potential source of allergy that might have triggered asthma symptoms in Jessica (Huckvale, Car, Morrison and Car 2012, p.144). When she was taken to the emergency department, her mother, Anne reported that she gets interrupted sleep and often wakes up as she had short periods of coughing and wheezing. She breathed so hard that her abdomen got sucked under her ribs due to restricted breathing. She also coughs at school while playing in the playground. The asthmatic symptoms get worsened when she performs her daily activities or during physical exercise. She also leaned forward in a sitting position so that she could breathe. The above mentioned symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and troubled breathing manifested as a part of her illness and moderately severe asthma while she was admitted in the emergency department. Link between pathophysiology, pharmacology and theory Salbutamol is prescribed to Jessica as it assists in the widening of the respiratory airways. When it is sprayed, it helps to open the blocked air passage so that there is free flow of air into the lungs (Murphy et al. 2012). This salbutamol puffs helped Jessica to breathe properly and is very helpful in moderately severe asthma condition. It is very useful in relieving the patient from asthma symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and tightness in the chest. It helps to relieve the patient from breathlessness; however, it does not prevent the symptoms from happening. It acts as an instant reliever from the symptoms of asthma. Jessica is prescribed inhaled salbutamol 2.5mgs six puffs three doses 20 minutes apart. Salbutamol is weight or age dependent. Jessica weighed 20 kgs and is below the age of six. So, she requires 2.5mgs of six puffs Salbutamol via a nebulizer. In the same way, salbutamol relieved Jessica of her asthmatic symptoms with salbutamol puffs. Whenever she had episodes of wheezing or the airways get narrowed and there is difficulty in breathing, salbutamol is administered so that she is able to breathe. It greatly relieved her of the asthma attack (Vichyanond, Pensrichon and Kurasirikul 2012, pp.15-25). She uses the salbutamol through an inhaler and spacer that help in direct assistance and passing this into her lungs. In the given case study, Jessica was prescribed salbutamol puff and spacer by the emergency department consultant and administered by the registered nurses. With the continuous administration of salbutamol puff, she was able to breathe properly. It significantly reduced the episodes of asthmatic attacks in Jessica. Gradually, she reported that her breathing is becoming normal with increased spacing between the salbutamol doses. Another steroid named prednisolone was also given to Jessica as it helped to prevent the inflammatory substance release in the body. She is prescribed with Prednisolone 22mg as a STAT dose for the treatment of moderate asthma. It is mentioned that prednisolone of 20-22 mg is given to the children between the age of 2-5 years. The allergic reactions are greatly treated using this medicine. It is also helpful in the prevention and control of asthma attacks like wheezing. When prednisolone is taken orally, it is absorbed into the body and passes directly into the lungs and helps to control the asthma attacks (Brodlie et al. 2012, pp.604-609). As it is taken orally, it will be helpful for Jessica to use during travelling or going to school. It will help her to gain better control over the asthmatic attacks outside her home. In addition, the asthma plan comprising of patient education, discharge medication, action plan and medical follow up are also important for Jessica and her family to control the episodes of asthma attack. She was also prescribed inhaled Ipratropium 250mcg four puffs three doses 20 minutes apart through nebulizer as it enhances bronchodilation by blocking the acetylcholine action at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscles of bronchia. Jessica was also prescribed high flow 02via a non-re-breather facemask with reservoir - SaO2to remain above 93%. When she arrived at the emergency department at 0400 hours, her oxygen saturation levels were 90% on air. So, the doctor prescribed non-re-breather facemask with reservoir consists of one-way valve system that prevents mixing of exhaled gases with fresh gas flow. It ensures highest concentration of oxygen to Jessica practiced in emergency department. Conclusion Asthma is a chronic disorder that involves the inflammation of the respiratory pathways. It obstructs the airflow, airway inflammation and bronchial inflammation in the patients. It greatly affects the breathing patterns resulting difficulty in breathing. In children below the age of five, asthma occurs as a result of premature birth. In the given case study, Jessica White was born premature as she was born at the thirty three weeks of gestation period when her mother went for premature labor. This is the main reason for Jessicas asthma as in premature babies, the lungs are immature with smaller airways. Moreover, the viral infection in Jessica caused swelling in her airways with excess mucus production. She showed clear symptoms of asthma like coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest and shortness of breath. To control her asthmatic attacks, she was administered with salbutamol puffer and spacer to relieve her of breathing problems with predisolone for the prevention of inflammato ry substances release in the body. The asthma plan also helped Jessica and her family to gain control over her episodes of asthma attack. References Agache, I., Akdis, C., Jutel, M. and Virchow, J.C., 2012. Untangling asthma phenotypes and endotypes.Allergy,67(7), pp.835-846. Austen, K.F. and Lichtenstein, L.M. eds., 2013.Asthma: physiology, immunopharmacology, and treatment. Elsevier. Bisgaard, H., Jensen, S.M. and Bnnelykke, K., 2012. Interaction between asthma and lung function growth in early life.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,185(11), pp.1183-1189. 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